Telegraph system.



UNITED STATES PATENT oEEicE.

ISIDOR, KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA,

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0 AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY,

OE NEW' YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

Application led March 23, 1908, Serial No. 422,619. Renewed May '5, 1911.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, Islnon Krrsnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain `new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a system of telegraphy, and more particularly to a system involving electrical communication over a conductor lhavingrelatively great capacity7 or distributed capacity, such, for-example, as a submarine or subterranean cable or a long land line.

My invention resides more particularlyy in a duplex cable system involving an arti icial line, a converter or transformer being included in the bridge of a' Whcatstone bridge arrangement.

My invention'resides in further features hereinafter pointed out and claimed.

For an illustration of one of the forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, which is a diagrammatic illustration of a duplex line or cable systeminvolving my invention. In the drawing, C represents a line or cable having relatively great capacity or distributed capacity, and over which it is desired to transmit signals. One end of the submarine or other cable and a single station only are shown.

The artificial line or cable, of the duplex system, is represented by the resistances r and the coudensers c all connected as shown to earth at E. The usual resistances cl and e are provided inthe two arms of the lVheatstone bridge arrangement, the real line or cable C forming another arm of the Wheat stone bridge, and the artificial line or cable forming the fourth arm. In the bridge, that is, between the pointsy f and g, is the primary P of a converter or transformer, the secondary S being connected to the winding of the polarized relay R, which, in turn, controls a local circuit including the battery and the magnet m of an'y suitable device. such as a sounder, recorder, etc., the spring retracted armature being shown at a.

, Between the Whcatstone'bridge and earth E may be connected, by moving the switch s to the proper point, the double key 7c controlling the battery b', in the manner Well Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

Serial No. 625,225.

understood in the art, to impress upon the hue or cable currents .of either polarity. Or, by moving the switch s to the proper point, the opposed sources of lenergy B and B are brought into communication with the cable, the operatorls key /c shunting one of said opposed sources. By manipulating the key le, the operator transmits to line impulses alternating in polarity. Or, by moving the switch s to a third point, the lVheatstone bridge arrangement may be connected directly to earth. In all three positions of the switch s, however, the connection from the l/Vheatstone bridge arrangement or from 'the cable is a conductive one to earth, the

condenser commonly used heretofore being omitted.

In operation, this duplex system is similar to duplex systems existing in the art, except that a converter 'is used in the bridge, and the first increments of im-v pulse, through the intervention of the transformer,- att'ect or control the relay. By such system, two messages may be transmitted simultaneously over the line or Vcable in opposite directions, and thesignaling is rapid, and by the arrangement shown, affords means for producing either an audible or visible record, and will secure a -speed of signaling greater than with usual Siphon recorder.

The converter or transformer is shown as of the closed magnetic circuit type, but it is to be understood that any form of closed magnetic circuit transformer may be employed, or that a transformer having an open magneticcircuit may be employed.

A condenser K is shown connected in parallel with the primary P. Vhen this condenser is of suitable capacity, it sometimes aids in the reception of signals, though it is to be understood that the condenser K may be entirely omitted.

The use of the transmitter comprising sources B and B with the key 7c is pre fer-red, because whether the key 7u be open or closed, the cable is always subjected to electrical potential, and impulses alternating in polarity are transmitted to line, and high signaling speed is attainable.

While l hyavc shown the transformer or converter as having two independent windings I aud S, it is to be understood that I may employ an auto-transformer with means for adjusting the number of turns connected between f and g, and means for adjustingthe number of turns included in the circuit of the windings of the relay R.

lVhat I claim is: Y

l.'v In a telegraph system, the combination with aline or cable having great capacity, of means for impressing current upon said line or cable, a transformer atthe receiving end of said line or cable, the transformer primary being associated with said line or cable, a

- condenser in shunt with said primary, and

a signal translating instrument controlled by the transformer secondary.

2. ln a duplex telegraph system, the combination with a line. or cable having great capacity, `of.an artificial line or cable, a transformer having its primary associated with said line or cable and with said artificial lino or cable, a condenser connected in shunt with the transformer primary, and a signal translating instrument controlled by the transformer secondary.

In a duplex telegraph system, the combination with a line or cable having great capacity,of an artilicial'line or cable, a.conduc tive connection from said line or cable to earth line or cable and artificial line or cablevform* y ing arms of a lVheatstone bridge, a conductive connection from said VVheatstone bridge to eartlrexclusive of said artificial line, a transformer having its primary connected in the bridge, a condenser in shunt with the transformer primary, and a signaltranslating instrument controlled by the transformer secondary.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto afiixed my signature in the presence of the two subscribing Witnesses.

ISIDOR KITSEE.

Witnesses:

' ANNA E. STEINBOCK, Saum P. EAGAN. 

